TY - JOUR
T1 - Adsorption mechanisms of removing heavy metals and dyes from aqueous solution using date pits solid adsorbent
AU - Al-Ghouti, Mohammad A.
AU - Li, Juiki
AU - Salamh, Yousef
AU - Al-Laqtah, Nasir
AU - Walker, Gavin
AU - Ahmad, Mohammad N.M.
N1 - 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
PY - 2010/4/15
Y1 - 2010/4/15
N2 - A potential usefulness of raw date pits as an inexpensive solid adsorbent for methylene blue (MB), copper ion (Cu2+), and cadmium ion (Cd2+) has been demonstrated in this work. This work was conducted to provide fundamental information from the study of equilibrium adsorption isotherms and to investigate the adsorption mechanisms in the adsorption of MB, Cu2+, and Cd2+ onto raw date pits. The fit of two models, namely Langmuir and Freundlich models, to experimental data obtained from the adsorption isotherms was checked. The adsorption capacities of the raw date pits towards MB and both Cu2+ and Cd2+ ions obtained from Langmuir and Freundlich models were found to be 277.8, 35.9, and 39.5 mg g-1, respectively. Surface functional groups on the raw date pits surface substantially influence the adsorption characteristics of MB, Cu2+, and Cd2+ onto the raw date pits. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) studies show clear differences in both absorbances and shapes of the bands and in their locations before and after solute adsorption. Two mechanisms were observed for MB adsorption, hydrogen bonding and electrostatic attraction, while other mechanisms were observed for Cu2+ and Cd2+. For Cu2+, binding two cellulose/lignin units together is the predominant mechanism. For Cd2+, the predominant mechanism is by binding itself using two hydroxyl groups in the cellulose/lignin unit.
AB - A potential usefulness of raw date pits as an inexpensive solid adsorbent for methylene blue (MB), copper ion (Cu2+), and cadmium ion (Cd2+) has been demonstrated in this work. This work was conducted to provide fundamental information from the study of equilibrium adsorption isotherms and to investigate the adsorption mechanisms in the adsorption of MB, Cu2+, and Cd2+ onto raw date pits. The fit of two models, namely Langmuir and Freundlich models, to experimental data obtained from the adsorption isotherms was checked. The adsorption capacities of the raw date pits towards MB and both Cu2+ and Cd2+ ions obtained from Langmuir and Freundlich models were found to be 277.8, 35.9, and 39.5 mg g-1, respectively. Surface functional groups on the raw date pits surface substantially influence the adsorption characteristics of MB, Cu2+, and Cd2+ onto the raw date pits. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) studies show clear differences in both absorbances and shapes of the bands and in their locations before and after solute adsorption. Two mechanisms were observed for MB adsorption, hydrogen bonding and electrostatic attraction, while other mechanisms were observed for Cu2+ and Cd2+. For Cu2+, binding two cellulose/lignin units together is the predominant mechanism. For Cd2+, the predominant mechanism is by binding itself using two hydroxyl groups in the cellulose/lignin unit.
KW - Adsorption mechanisms
KW - Date pits
KW - FTIR
KW - Metal ions (Cu and Cd)
KW - Methylene blue
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=74449088248&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.11.059
DO - 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.11.059
M3 - Article
C2 - 19959281
AN - SCOPUS:74449088248
SN - 0304-3894
VL - 176
SP - 510
EP - 520
JO - Journal of Hazardous Materials
JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials
IS - 1-3
ER -