TY - JOUR
T1 - Effect of alkaline treatment on characteristics of bio-calcium and hydroxyapatite powders derived from Salmon Bone
AU - Idowu, Anthony Temitope
AU - Benjakul, Soottawat
AU - Sinthusamran, Sittichoke
AU - Sae-leaw, Thanasak
AU - Suzuki, Nobuo
AU - Kitani, Yoichiro
AU - Sookchoo, Pornsatit
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 by the authors.
PY - 2020/6/1
Y1 - 2020/6/1
N2 - Alkaline treatment has been extensively implemented in the extraction process of hydroxyapatite (HAp) extraction from various kinds of bio-materials, such as animal bone and scales. The main purpose of such treatment is to remove proteinaceous substances from raw materials. The influence of the alkaline treatment that could alter not only the organic contents but also chemical composition-specifically the Ca/P mole ratios of bio-calcium, HAp, and the biphasic apatite powders derived from salmon bone, a by-product from the salmon industry-was investigated. Both HAp and biphasic apatite powders were obtained from the calcination of bio-calcium powders with and without alkaline treatment, respectively. An X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the presence of hydroxyapatite and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) in the calcined bone powder without alkaline treatment while only a single phase of hydroxyapatite was observed in the alkaline-treated sample. Calcium and phosphorus contents were measured by an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES). A variation of Ca/P ratios was observed among all samples, depending on the chemical and heat treatment conditions. Organic molecules, such as protein, fat, hydroxyproline, and TBARS, were significantly lowered in bio-calcium powders with the alkaline treatment. This work represents important research on chemical treatment prior to the raw material conversion process, which significantly influences chemical and phase compositions of the bio-calcium and hydroxyapatite powder derived from salmon bone waste.
AB - Alkaline treatment has been extensively implemented in the extraction process of hydroxyapatite (HAp) extraction from various kinds of bio-materials, such as animal bone and scales. The main purpose of such treatment is to remove proteinaceous substances from raw materials. The influence of the alkaline treatment that could alter not only the organic contents but also chemical composition-specifically the Ca/P mole ratios of bio-calcium, HAp, and the biphasic apatite powders derived from salmon bone, a by-product from the salmon industry-was investigated. Both HAp and biphasic apatite powders were obtained from the calcination of bio-calcium powders with and without alkaline treatment, respectively. An X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the presence of hydroxyapatite and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) in the calcined bone powder without alkaline treatment while only a single phase of hydroxyapatite was observed in the alkaline-treated sample. Calcium and phosphorus contents were measured by an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES). A variation of Ca/P ratios was observed among all samples, depending on the chemical and heat treatment conditions. Organic molecules, such as protein, fat, hydroxyproline, and TBARS, were significantly lowered in bio-calcium powders with the alkaline treatment. This work represents important research on chemical treatment prior to the raw material conversion process, which significantly influences chemical and phase compositions of the bio-calcium and hydroxyapatite powder derived from salmon bone waste.
KW - Bio-calcium powder
KW - Calcined powder
KW - Hydroxyapatite
KW - Salmon bone
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85087790179&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/APP10124141
DO - 10.3390/APP10124141
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85087790179
SN - 2076-3417
VL - 10
SP - 4141
JO - Applied Sciences (Switzerland)
JF - Applied Sciences (Switzerland)
IS - 12
M1 - 4141
ER -