TY - JOUR
T1 - Enhanced centroid-based energy-efficient clustering routing protocol for serverless based wireless sensor networks
AU - Karim, Seemab
AU - Qureshi, Kashif Naseer
AU - Ibrahim, Ashraf Osman
AU - Abulfaraj, Anas W.
AU - Ghafoor, Kayhan Zrar
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 The Author(s)
PY - 2024/6
Y1 - 2024/6
N2 - Serverless computing is a new concept as cloud computing, which dynamically manages the networks and is applied in Serverless Wireless Sensor Networks (SWSN) to help the networks. These networks are becoming famous for monitoring various physical and environmental factors. Serverless computing also facilitates the networks by offering an extensive range of applications. Different applications have been designed for monitoring purposes where the sensor nodes sense the data and transmit it to the base station through single or multi-hop routing. However, existing routing protocols cannot manage the sensor nodes’ energy issues because of the complex routing processes and depleted their power before their time. Because of these limitations, the nodes close to BS continuously rely on the network for data forwarding. As a result, these nodes cause energy consumption and lead to a useless state. This paper proposes a serverless architecture and designs an Enhanced Centroid-based Energy Efficient Clustering (ECEEC) protocol for SWSN networks. The proposed serverless architecture provides automated scalability, cost-effective services, and stateless execution. In addition, the proposed protocol offers the cluster head selection and its rotation to maximize the energy efficiency in the network. Furthermore, gateway nodes are chosen in every cluster to overcome the load on the cluster head. Simulation results indicated the excellent performance of the proposed protocol as compared to the existing routing protocols concerning network lifetime and energy consumption. The proposed protocol shows better reliability with nodes failing at 650 rounds compared to 600 rounds, especially with 5 % and 10 % Cluster Heads. The proposed protocol exhibits superior energy efficiency consumption of SNs under varying CH percentages, indicating the protocol's consistent performance across different scenarios.
AB - Serverless computing is a new concept as cloud computing, which dynamically manages the networks and is applied in Serverless Wireless Sensor Networks (SWSN) to help the networks. These networks are becoming famous for monitoring various physical and environmental factors. Serverless computing also facilitates the networks by offering an extensive range of applications. Different applications have been designed for monitoring purposes where the sensor nodes sense the data and transmit it to the base station through single or multi-hop routing. However, existing routing protocols cannot manage the sensor nodes’ energy issues because of the complex routing processes and depleted their power before their time. Because of these limitations, the nodes close to BS continuously rely on the network for data forwarding. As a result, these nodes cause energy consumption and lead to a useless state. This paper proposes a serverless architecture and designs an Enhanced Centroid-based Energy Efficient Clustering (ECEEC) protocol for SWSN networks. The proposed serverless architecture provides automated scalability, cost-effective services, and stateless execution. In addition, the proposed protocol offers the cluster head selection and its rotation to maximize the energy efficiency in the network. Furthermore, gateway nodes are chosen in every cluster to overcome the load on the cluster head. Simulation results indicated the excellent performance of the proposed protocol as compared to the existing routing protocols concerning network lifetime and energy consumption. The proposed protocol shows better reliability with nodes failing at 650 rounds compared to 600 rounds, especially with 5 % and 10 % Cluster Heads. The proposed protocol exhibits superior energy efficiency consumption of SNs under varying CH percentages, indicating the protocol's consistent performance across different scenarios.
KW - Cluster
KW - Energy
KW - High speed
KW - Networks
KW - Routing
KW - Scalability
KW - Serverless
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85195378421&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jksuci.2024.102067
DO - 10.1016/j.jksuci.2024.102067
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85195378421
SN - 1319-1578
VL - 36
JO - Journal of King Saud University - Computer and Information Sciences
JF - Journal of King Saud University - Computer and Information Sciences
IS - 5
M1 - 102067
ER -