TY - JOUR
T1 - Extracellular vesicles for tissue repair and regeneration
T2 - Evidence, challenges and opportunities
AU - Nagelkerke, Anika
AU - Ojansivu, Miina
AU - van der Koog, Luke
AU - Whittaker, Thomas E.
AU - Cunnane, Eoghan M.
AU - Silva, Andreia M.
AU - Dekker, Niek
AU - Stevens, Molly M.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2021/8
Y1 - 2021/8
N2 - Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are biological nanoparticles naturally secreted by cells, acting as delivery vehicles for molecular messages. During the last decade, EVs have been assigned multiple functions that have established their potential as therapeutic mediators for a variety of diseases and conditions. In this review paper, we report on the potential of EVs in tissue repair and regeneration. The regenerative properties that have been associated with EVs are explored, detailing the molecular cargo they carry that is capable of mediating such effects, the signaling cascades triggered in target cells and the functional outcome achieved. EV interactions and biodistribution in vivo that influence their regenerative effects are also described, particularly upon administration in combination with biomaterials. Finally, we review the progress that has been made for the successful implementation of EV regenerative therapies in a clinical setting.
AB - Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are biological nanoparticles naturally secreted by cells, acting as delivery vehicles for molecular messages. During the last decade, EVs have been assigned multiple functions that have established their potential as therapeutic mediators for a variety of diseases and conditions. In this review paper, we report on the potential of EVs in tissue repair and regeneration. The regenerative properties that have been associated with EVs are explored, detailing the molecular cargo they carry that is capable of mediating such effects, the signaling cascades triggered in target cells and the functional outcome achieved. EV interactions and biodistribution in vivo that influence their regenerative effects are also described, particularly upon administration in combination with biomaterials. Finally, we review the progress that has been made for the successful implementation of EV regenerative therapies in a clinical setting.
KW - Clinical trial
KW - EV engineering
KW - EV-functionalized biomaterials
KW - Mesenchymal stem cells
KW - Regenerative medicine
KW - Therapeutic cargo delivery
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85110711041&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.addr.2021.04.013
DO - 10.1016/j.addr.2021.04.013
M3 - Review article
C2 - 33872693
AN - SCOPUS:85110711041
SN - 0169-409X
VL - 175
SP - 113775
JO - Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews
JF - Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews
M1 - 113775
ER -