TY - JOUR
T1 - Influence of the pyrolysis temperature on fresh and pelletised chicken litter with focus on sustainable production and utilisation of biochar
AU - Simbolon, Luga Martin
AU - Pandey, Daya Shankar
AU - Horvat, Alen
AU - Leahy, James J.
AU - Tassou, Savvas A.
AU - Kwapinska, Marzena
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2023.
PY - 2024/10
Y1 - 2024/10
N2 - This study focused on determining the influence of temperature (500–700 °C) during pyrolysis of pelletised chicken litter (PCL) and fresh chicken litter (FCL). The composition of all pyrolysis products was analysed, and their potential applications were discussed. An analysis of phosphorus speciation in FCL and PCL along with their derived biochars revealed that the share of water-soluble phosphorus was greatly reduced in the biochar, implying lower risk of eutrophication in agricultural applications of biochar when used as a soil improver. Indeed, water-soluble phosphorus decreased from 60% for PCL to as low as 3% for the biochars. In addition, the concentration of other nutrients and heavy metals in biochar, and its potential for agriculture application was discussed. Heavy metals content was below the upper limits set out in the European Fertilising Products Regulation only for biochars produced at 500 °C, but biochars produced at higher temperatures did not meet the limits for Zn and Ni content. The energy balance analysis showed that pelletisation of chicken litter is not necessary, as the properties of both PCL and FCL allow for energetically sustainable pyrolysis when hot pyrolysis gas is combusted, and biochar recovered for nutrient recycling.
AB - This study focused on determining the influence of temperature (500–700 °C) during pyrolysis of pelletised chicken litter (PCL) and fresh chicken litter (FCL). The composition of all pyrolysis products was analysed, and their potential applications were discussed. An analysis of phosphorus speciation in FCL and PCL along with their derived biochars revealed that the share of water-soluble phosphorus was greatly reduced in the biochar, implying lower risk of eutrophication in agricultural applications of biochar when used as a soil improver. Indeed, water-soluble phosphorus decreased from 60% for PCL to as low as 3% for the biochars. In addition, the concentration of other nutrients and heavy metals in biochar, and its potential for agriculture application was discussed. Heavy metals content was below the upper limits set out in the European Fertilising Products Regulation only for biochars produced at 500 °C, but biochars produced at higher temperatures did not meet the limits for Zn and Ni content. The energy balance analysis showed that pelletisation of chicken litter is not necessary, as the properties of both PCL and FCL allow for energetically sustainable pyrolysis when hot pyrolysis gas is combusted, and biochar recovered for nutrient recycling.
KW - Heavy metals in biochar
KW - Intermediate pyrolysis; Pyrolysis liquids; Pyrolysis gas
KW - Nutrient
KW - Phosphorus transformation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85170103939&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s13399-023-04787-5
DO - 10.1007/s13399-023-04787-5
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85170103939
SN - 2190-6815
VL - 14
SP - 26443
EP - 26457
JO - Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery
JF - Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery
IS - 20
ER -