Micro photoionization detectors

There is an increased awareness of the detrimental effect exposure to Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) have on human health, that has led a demand for portable, fast, and high performance gas analysis systems. In many cases, this involves the use of photoionization detection technology, which provides a rapid and precise analysis. Miniaturization of photoionization detectors can contribute to develop improved gas analysers through increased portability, reduced resource consumption, and enhanced sensitivity. This paper presents a review of recent developments in photoionization detector miniaturization, where most of the devices are compatible with microfluidic arrangements. The design, dimensions, microfabrication, operation, and performance of the miniaturized photoionization detectors are reported. In addition, a background theory of the classical photoionization detector, including brief design guidelines, is also provided. The reported miniaturized devices present ionization chamber volumes up to 50 times lower than commercially available devices and hold potential for faster analysis and lower detection limit.