Numerical analysis of entropy generation in a solar desalination plant with nanofluid and a layer of phase change material in its reservoir

The acquisition of drinking water is discussed in this paper by three-dimensional modeling of a solar desalination plant focusing on renewable energies. The reservoir of the desalination plant contains aluminum nanoparticles with a constant weight percent. A layer of n-Eicosane phase change material (PCM) with various thicknesses is used at the bottom of the desalination plant reservoir. The objective of the present paper is to examine the entropy generation, including frictional, thermal, and total entropy generation in the flow of steam and air inside the desalination plant and the use of the PCM layer. The angle of the glass changes from 10 to 45°, and the thickness of the PCM layer varies during the day. The nanofluid flow is assumed to be two-phase, and the finite element method (FEM) is employed to solve the equations using COMSOL software. The results show that increasing the glass angle enhances the frictional entropy generation, and decreases the thermal entropy generation. Using PCM with a thickness of 50 mm reduces the thermal entropy generation in the steam, especially in the afternoon. The amount of PMC thickness changes the total entropy generation in the PMC.