Opposite effects produced by magnetic nanoparticles:Phospholipid films generated at a liquid/liquid interface, in the drug transfer processes

The interaction between Fe₃O₄ magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) coated with polysaccharides, and different phospholipids adsorbed at a water|1,2-dichloroethane interface, was studied employing cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and capacity curves. For this study, an anionic phospholipid, distearoyl phosphatidic acid (DSPA), and a zwitterionic phospholipid distearoyl phosphatidylethanolamine (DSPE) were used, which have the same carbonated chain. Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were coated with two different polysaccharides, one lineal, chitosan (CHI), and other with a branched structure, diethylaminoethyl dextran (DEAE-D), both commonly used in medical applications. The effect of the MNPs coating agents in the final interaction with MNPs:phospholipid hybrid films was evaluated. EIS confirm that the presence of Fe₃O₄@CHI:DSPA mixture film conduces to a homogeneous film at the interface, in contrast, for Fe₃O₄@DEAE-D:DSPA mixture films, conduces to a inhomogeneous film with pores formation. In addition, the effect of this hybrid films (MNPs:phospholipid) in the anionic diclofenac (DCFNC⁻) and cationic triflupromazine (HTFPZ⁺) transfer process across the water|1,2-dichloroethane interface was studied. It was demonstrated that Fe₃O₄@CHI:DSPA film can totally block DCFNC⁻ transfer process but for Fe₃O₄@DEAE-D:DSPA or DSPE film the DCFNC⁻ can transfer across the uncovered zones present at the interface. Otherwise, for positively charged HTFPZ⁺, the drug transfer is higher in presence of MNPs:phospholipid mixture film due to a sum of effects, electrostatic interaction between HTFPZ⁺ and phospholipid and hydrophobic interactions between HTFPZ⁺ and polysaccharide coated MNPs.