TY - JOUR
T1 - Randomization to 6-month Mediterranean diet compared with a low-fat diet leads to improvement in Dietary Inflammatory Index scores in patients with coronary heart disease: the AUSMED Heart Trial
T2 - the AUSMED Heart Trial
AU - Tierney, Audrey
AU - Mayr, Hannah L.
AU - Thomas, Colleen J.
AU - Kucianski, Teagan
AU - George, Elena S.
AU - Ruiz-Canela, Miguel
AU - Hebert, James R.
AU - Shivappa, Nitin
AU - Itsiopoulos, Catherine
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2018/7
Y1 - 2018/7
N2 - A higher dietary inflammatory index (DII®) score is associated with inflammation and incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD). We hypothesized that a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) intervention would reduce DII score. We assessed dietary data from a randomized controlled trial comparing 6-month MedDiet versus low-fat diet intervention, in patients with CHD. We aimed to determine the DII scores of the prescribed diets' model meal plans, followed by whether dietary intervention led to lower (i.e., more anti-inflammatory) DII scores and consequently lower high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and interleukin-6 (hs-IL-6). DII scores were calculated from 7-day food diaries. The MedDiet meal plan had a markedly lower DII score than the low-fat diet meal plan (−4.55 vs. -0.33, respectively). In 56 participants who completed the trial (84% male, mean age 62 ± 9 years), the MedDiet group significantly reduced DII scores at 6 months (n = 27; −0.40 ± 3.14 to −1.74 ± 2.81, P =.008) and the low-fat diet group did not change (n = 29; −0.17 ± 2.27 to 0.05 ± 1.89, P =.65). There was a significant post-intervention adjusted difference in DII score between groups (compared to low-fat, MedDiet decreased by −1.69 DII points; P =.004). When compared to the low-fat diet, the MedDiet non-significantly reduced hs-IL-6 (−0.32 pg/mL, P =.29) and increased hs-CRP (+0.09 mg/L, P =.84). These findings demonstrated that MedDiet intervention significantly reduced DII scores compared to a low-fat diet. However, in this small cohort of patients with CHD this did not translate to a significant improvement in measured inflammatory markers. The effect of improvement in DII with MedDiet should be tested in larger intervention trials and observational cohorts.
AB - A higher dietary inflammatory index (DII®) score is associated with inflammation and incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD). We hypothesized that a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) intervention would reduce DII score. We assessed dietary data from a randomized controlled trial comparing 6-month MedDiet versus low-fat diet intervention, in patients with CHD. We aimed to determine the DII scores of the prescribed diets' model meal plans, followed by whether dietary intervention led to lower (i.e., more anti-inflammatory) DII scores and consequently lower high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and interleukin-6 (hs-IL-6). DII scores were calculated from 7-day food diaries. The MedDiet meal plan had a markedly lower DII score than the low-fat diet meal plan (−4.55 vs. -0.33, respectively). In 56 participants who completed the trial (84% male, mean age 62 ± 9 years), the MedDiet group significantly reduced DII scores at 6 months (n = 27; −0.40 ± 3.14 to −1.74 ± 2.81, P =.008) and the low-fat diet group did not change (n = 29; −0.17 ± 2.27 to 0.05 ± 1.89, P =.65). There was a significant post-intervention adjusted difference in DII score between groups (compared to low-fat, MedDiet decreased by −1.69 DII points; P =.004). When compared to the low-fat diet, the MedDiet non-significantly reduced hs-IL-6 (−0.32 pg/mL, P =.29) and increased hs-CRP (+0.09 mg/L, P =.84). These findings demonstrated that MedDiet intervention significantly reduced DII scores compared to a low-fat diet. However, in this small cohort of patients with CHD this did not translate to a significant improvement in measured inflammatory markers. The effect of improvement in DII with MedDiet should be tested in larger intervention trials and observational cohorts.
KW - Coronary disease
KW - Dietary inflammatory index
KW - Low-fat diet, inflammation
KW - Mediterranean diet
KW - Randomized controlled trial
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85046876353&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.nutres.2018.04.006
DO - 10.1016/j.nutres.2018.04.006
M3 - Article
C2 - 29754829
AN - SCOPUS:85046876353
SN - 0271-5317
VL - 55
SP - 94
EP - 107
JO - Nutrition Research
JF - Nutrition Research
ER -