TY - JOUR
T1 - Risk factors and biomarkers of age-related macular degeneration
AU - Lambert, Nathan G.
AU - ElShelmani, Hanan
AU - Singh, Malkit K.
AU - Mansergh, Fiona C.
AU - Wride, Michael A.
AU - Padilla, Maximilian
AU - Keegan, David
AU - Hogg, Ruth E.
AU - Ambati, Balamurali K.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2016/9/1
Y1 - 2016/9/1
N2 - A biomarker can be a substance or structure measured in body parts, fluids or products that can affect or predict disease incidence. As age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in the developed world, much research and effort has been invested in the identification of different biomarkers to predict disease incidence, identify at risk individuals, elucidate causative pathophysiological etiologies, guide screening, monitoring and treatment parameters, and predict disease outcomes. To date, a host of genetic, environmental, proteomic, and cellular targets have been identified as both risk factors and potential biomarkers for AMD. Despite this, their use has been confined to research settings and has not yet crossed into the clinical arena. A greater understanding of these factors and their use as potential biomarkers for AMD can guide future research and clinical practice. This article will discuss known risk factors and novel, potential biomarkers of AMD in addition to their application in both academic and clinical settings.
AB - A biomarker can be a substance or structure measured in body parts, fluids or products that can affect or predict disease incidence. As age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in the developed world, much research and effort has been invested in the identification of different biomarkers to predict disease incidence, identify at risk individuals, elucidate causative pathophysiological etiologies, guide screening, monitoring and treatment parameters, and predict disease outcomes. To date, a host of genetic, environmental, proteomic, and cellular targets have been identified as both risk factors and potential biomarkers for AMD. Despite this, their use has been confined to research settings and has not yet crossed into the clinical arena. A greater understanding of these factors and their use as potential biomarkers for AMD can guide future research and clinical practice. This article will discuss known risk factors and novel, potential biomarkers of AMD in addition to their application in both academic and clinical settings.
KW - Age-related macular degeneration
KW - Biomarkers
KW - microRNA
KW - Proteomics
KW - sFlt
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84990842305&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2016.04.003
DO - 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2016.04.003
M3 - Review article
C2 - 27156982
AN - SCOPUS:84990842305
SN - 1350-9462
VL - 54
SP - 64
EP - 102
JO - Progress in Retinal and Eye Research
JF - Progress in Retinal and Eye Research
ER -