Safety of off-label erythropoiesis-stimulating agents for critically ill patients

This is the protocol for a review and there is no abstract. The objectives are as follows: With a focus on safety, we aim to assess the effects of ESAs (ESAs alone or in combination) compared with placebo, no treatment or a different active treatment regimen when administered off-label to critically ill patients. We will further describe and explore heterogeneity and will assess the influence of bias on the robustness of our effect estimates.