Stable Universal 1- and 2-Input Single-Molecule Logic Gates

Ran Liu; Yingmei Han; Feng Sun; Gyan Khatri; Jaesuk Kwon; Cameron Nickle; Lejia Wang; Chuan Kui Wang; Damien Thompson; Zong Liang Li; Christian A. Nijhuis; Enrique del Barco

doi:10.1002/adma.202202135

Stable Universal 1- and 2-Input Single-Molecule Logic Gates

Ran Liu
, Yingmei Han
, Feng Sun
, Gyan Khatri
, Jaesuk Kwon
, Cameron Nickle
, Lejia Wang
, Chuan Kui Wang
, Damien Thompson
, Zong Liang Li
, Christian A. Nijhuis
, Enrique del Barco

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Controllable single-molecule logic operations will enable development of reliable ultra-minimalistic circuit elements for high-density computing but require stable currents from multiple orthogonal inputs in molecular junctions. Utilizing the two unique adjacent conductive molecular orbitals (MOs) of gated Au/S-(CH₂)₃-Fc-(CH₂)₉-S/Au (Fc = ferrocene) single-electron transistors (≈2 nm), a stable single-electron logic calculator (SELC) is presented, which allows real-time modulation of output current as a function of orthogonal input bias (V_b) and gate (V_g) voltages. Reliable and low-voltage (ǀV_bǀ ≤ 80 mV, ǀV_gǀ ≤ 2 V) operations of the SELC depend upon the unambiguous association of current resonances with energy shifts of the MOs (which show an invariable, small energy separation of ≈100 meV) in response to the changes of voltages, which is confirmed by electron-transport calculations. Stable multi-logic operations based on the SELC modulated current conversions between the two resonances and Coulomb blockade regimes are demonstrated via the implementation of all universal 1-input (YES/NOT/PASS_1/PASS_0) and 2-input (AND/XOR/OR/NAND/NOR/INT/XNOR) logic gates.

Original language	English
Article number	2202135
Journal	Advanced Materials
Volume	34
Issue number	26
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202202135
Publication status	Published - 1 Jul 2022

Keywords

Coulomb blockade
logic gates
molecular electronics
single-electron transistors
single-molecule devices

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10.1002/adma.202202135

Cite this

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title = "Stable Universal 1- and 2-Input Single-Molecule Logic Gates",

abstract = "Controllable single-molecule logic operations will enable development of reliable ultra-minimalistic circuit elements for high-density computing but require stable currents from multiple orthogonal inputs in molecular junctions. Utilizing the two unique adjacent conductive molecular orbitals (MOs) of gated Au/S-(CH2)3-Fc-(CH2)9-S/Au (Fc = ferrocene) single-electron transistors (≈2 nm), a stable single-electron logic calculator (SELC) is presented, which allows real-time modulation of output current as a function of orthogonal input bias (Vb) and gate (Vg) voltages. Reliable and low-voltage (ǀVbǀ ≤ 80 mV, ǀVgǀ ≤ 2 V) operations of the SELC depend upon the unambiguous association of current resonances with energy shifts of the MOs (which show an invariable, small energy separation of ≈100 meV) in response to the changes of voltages, which is confirmed by electron-transport calculations. Stable multi-logic operations based on the SELC modulated current conversions between the two resonances and Coulomb blockade regimes are demonstrated via the implementation of all universal 1-input (YES/NOT/PASS\_1/PASS\_0) and 2-input (AND/XOR/OR/NAND/NOR/INT/XNOR) logic gates.",

keywords = "Coulomb blockade, logic gates, molecular electronics, single-electron transistors, single-molecule devices",

author = "Ran Liu and Yingmei Han and Feng Sun and Gyan Khatri and Jaesuk Kwon and Cameron Nickle and Lejia Wang and Wang, \{Chuan Kui\} and Damien Thompson and Li, \{Zong Liang\} and Nijhuis, \{Christian A.\} and \{del Barco\}, Enrique",

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AU - Liu, Ran

AU - Han, Yingmei

AU - Sun, Feng

AU - Khatri, Gyan

AU - Kwon, Jaesuk

AU - Nickle, Cameron

AU - Wang, Lejia

AU - Wang, Chuan Kui

AU - Thompson, Damien

AU - Li, Zong Liang

AU - Nijhuis, Christian A.

AU - del Barco, Enrique

PY - 2022/7/1

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N2 - Controllable single-molecule logic operations will enable development of reliable ultra-minimalistic circuit elements for high-density computing but require stable currents from multiple orthogonal inputs in molecular junctions. Utilizing the two unique adjacent conductive molecular orbitals (MOs) of gated Au/S-(CH2)3-Fc-(CH2)9-S/Au (Fc = ferrocene) single-electron transistors (≈2 nm), a stable single-electron logic calculator (SELC) is presented, which allows real-time modulation of output current as a function of orthogonal input bias (Vb) and gate (Vg) voltages. Reliable and low-voltage (ǀVbǀ ≤ 80 mV, ǀVgǀ ≤ 2 V) operations of the SELC depend upon the unambiguous association of current resonances with energy shifts of the MOs (which show an invariable, small energy separation of ≈100 meV) in response to the changes of voltages, which is confirmed by electron-transport calculations. Stable multi-logic operations based on the SELC modulated current conversions between the two resonances and Coulomb blockade regimes are demonstrated via the implementation of all universal 1-input (YES/NOT/PASS_1/PASS_0) and 2-input (AND/XOR/OR/NAND/NOR/INT/XNOR) logic gates.

AB - Controllable single-molecule logic operations will enable development of reliable ultra-minimalistic circuit elements for high-density computing but require stable currents from multiple orthogonal inputs in molecular junctions. Utilizing the two unique adjacent conductive molecular orbitals (MOs) of gated Au/S-(CH2)3-Fc-(CH2)9-S/Au (Fc = ferrocene) single-electron transistors (≈2 nm), a stable single-electron logic calculator (SELC) is presented, which allows real-time modulation of output current as a function of orthogonal input bias (Vb) and gate (Vg) voltages. Reliable and low-voltage (ǀVbǀ ≤ 80 mV, ǀVgǀ ≤ 2 V) operations of the SELC depend upon the unambiguous association of current resonances with energy shifts of the MOs (which show an invariable, small energy separation of ≈100 meV) in response to the changes of voltages, which is confirmed by electron-transport calculations. Stable multi-logic operations based on the SELC modulated current conversions between the two resonances and Coulomb blockade regimes are demonstrated via the implementation of all universal 1-input (YES/NOT/PASS_1/PASS_0) and 2-input (AND/XOR/OR/NAND/NOR/INT/XNOR) logic gates.

KW - Coulomb blockade

KW - logic gates

KW - molecular electronics

KW - single-electron transistors

KW - single-molecule devices

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Stable Universal 1- and 2-Input Single-Molecule Logic Gates

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