Strategies for teaching the language of science

This chapter looks at some practical strategies for dealing with the challenges posed by language in the teaching and learning of science. Language in its various aspects can be a barrier for students learning science, particularly for the first time, whether they are learning in their first language or in a second language. The use of language in science education (as in all education) is the medium of thinking and of communication. Proficiency in the use of language is essential for success in learning science, whether it be in reading or writing, or in listening and speaking. Science teachers do not always recognise the challenges posed by science to their students and they do not always develop the whole range of a student’s language skills. Many resources, aids and tools are available to the teacher for helping their students to develop language skills, learn the technical vocabulary of science and become confident in the use of symbolic language of mathematics and science. This chapter introduces science teachers to some of these language-learning resources, which can be adapted to suit their own specific classroom situations. Techniques developed for second language education will also be found to be useful for first language learners as well.