STRIDE: Scalable and Secure Over-The-Air Software Update Scheme for Autonomous Vehicles

Current trends forecast that Over-The-Air (OTA) software updates will be highly significant for future autonomous vehicles. The OTA update will enable fast distribution of software updates and fixing bugs in the embedded software installed on its electronic control units. However, in terms of security, OTA updates are highly critical due to complexity, numerous attack surfaces, and unsafe and old techniques. In addition, OTA updates must be scalable to large number of vehicles without incurring additional network bandwidth. In this work, we propose STRIDE, a scheme for OTA software updates over cloud that is secure against malicious attacks while being scalable to concurrent software updates in a large number of vehicles. STRIDE enables fast and secure distribution of update packages from software providers to vehicles. STRIDE ensures end-to-end security using ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption. We evaluate the performance of our proposal through extensive experiments. Experimental results show that STRIDE significantly reduces the overheads, without compromising the network load and software update retrieval time than the best performed scheme in the state-of-the-art.