TY - CHAP
T1 - Structural emergence with order independent representations
AU - Azad, R. Muhammad Atif
AU - Ryan, Conor
PY - 2003
Y1 - 2003
N2 - This paper compares two grammar based Evolutionary Automatic Programming methods, Grammatical Evolution (GE) and Chorus. Both systems evolve sequences of derivation rules which can be used to produce computer programs, however, Chorus employs a position independent representation, while GE uses polymorphic codons, the meaning of which depends on the context in which they are used. We consider issues such as the order in which rules appear in individuals, and demonstrate that an order always emerges with Chorus, which is similar to that of GE, but more flexible. The paper also examines the final step of evolution, that is, how perfect individuals are produced, and how they differ from their immediate neighbours. We demonstrate that, although Chorus appears to be more flexible structure-wise, GE tends to produce individuals with a higher neutrality, suggesting that its representation can, in some cases, make finding the perfect solution easier.
AB - This paper compares two grammar based Evolutionary Automatic Programming methods, Grammatical Evolution (GE) and Chorus. Both systems evolve sequences of derivation rules which can be used to produce computer programs, however, Chorus employs a position independent representation, while GE uses polymorphic codons, the meaning of which depends on the context in which they are used. We consider issues such as the order in which rules appear in individuals, and demonstrate that an order always emerges with Chorus, which is similar to that of GE, but more flexible. The paper also examines the final step of evolution, that is, how perfect individuals are produced, and how they differ from their immediate neighbours. We demonstrate that, although Chorus appears to be more flexible structure-wise, GE tends to produce individuals with a higher neutrality, suggesting that its representation can, in some cases, make finding the perfect solution easier.
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/35248848879
U2 - 10.1007/3-540-45110-2_57
DO - 10.1007/3-540-45110-2_57
M3 - Chapter
AN - SCOPUS:35248848879
SN - 3540406034
SN - 9783540406037
T3 - Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)
SP - 1626
EP - 1638
BT - Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)
A2 - Cantú-Paz, Erick
A2 - Foster, James A.
A2 - Kendall, Graham
A2 - Harman, Mark
A2 - Dasgupta, Dipankar
A2 - Deb, Kalyanmoy
A2 - David Davis, Lawrence
A2 - Roy, Rajkumar
A2 - O'Reilly, Una-May
A2 - Beyer, Hans-Georg
A2 - Standish, Russell
A2 - Wilson, Stewart
A2 - Wegener, Joachim
A2 - Potter, Mitch A.
A2 - Schultz, Alan C.
A2 - Dowsland, Kathryn A.
A2 - Jonoska, Natasha
A2 - Miller, Julian
PB - Springer Verlag
ER -