TY - JOUR
T1 - The Single-Particle, Clusters and Biomolecules and Serial Femtosecond Crystallography instrument of the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser
T2 - Interaction Region Downstream at atmospheric pressure (IRD)
AU - Round, Adam
AU - Aller, Piere
AU - Bean, Richard J.
AU - Bielecki, Johan
AU - Butryn, Agata
AU - Devenish, Nicholas
AU - de Wijn, Raphael
AU - Dietze, Thomas
AU - Doerner, Katerina
AU - Dall'Antonia, Fabio
AU - Fischer, Pontus
AU - Giovanetti, Gabriele
AU - Guenther, Sebastian
AU - Han, Huijong
AU - Hennicke, Vincent
AU - Kim, Chan
AU - Kim, Yoonhee
AU - Kloos, Marco
AU - Koliyadu, Jayanath C.P.
AU - Leen, Gabriel
AU - Letrun, Romain
AU - Lopez Morillo, Luis
AU - Orville, Allen M.
AU - Pakendorf, Tim
AU - Ramilli, Marco
AU - Reimers, Nadja
AU - Reinke, Patrick
AU - Sanchez-Weatherby, Juan
AU - Sato, Tokushi
AU - Schubert, Robin
AU - Schulz, Joachim
AU - Signe Takem, Cedric
AU - Sikorski, Marcin
AU - Thute, Prasad
AU - Trost, Fabian
AU - Turkot, Oleksii
AU - Vagovič, Patrik
AU - Vakili, Mohammad
AU - Villanueva Guerrero, Raul
AU - Chapman, Henry N.
AU - Meents, Alke
AU - Molodtsov, Serguei
AU - Pascarelli, Sakura
AU - Tschentscher, Thomas
AU - Mancuso, Adrian P.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
open access.
PY - 2026/1/1
Y1 - 2026/1/1
N2 - The Single-Particle, Clusters and Biomolecules and Serial Femtosecond Crystallography (SPB/SFX) scientific instrument at the European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser (EuXFEL) became operational with user experiments in September 2017. The unique properties and capabilities of the EuXFEL, enabling megahertz data collection rates, provide more rapid data collection with improved statistics compared with other XFEL facilities. This improves the feasibility of obtaining multiple data points in time-resolved experiments and hence enables the observation of reactions in greater detail (molecular movies). In collaboration with the SFX User Consortium (SFX UC), the SPB/SFX instrument was designed to further increase user access and research outcomes. Focusing the pulses downstream of the first interaction region [described previously (Mancuso et al., 2019)], a second experiment plane is enabled, which allows for greater optimization and more efficient usage of available beam time. Additionally, the SFX UC provided further instrumentation to provide improved capabilities on SPB/SFX. The aim for additional and extended functionality for the second interaction region was to enable sample-efficient data collection at atmospheric pressure in an environment where the sample temperature and humidity can be controlled. This paper describes the extended capabilities of the downstream interaction region of the SPB/SFX instrument and its major components, in particular its X-ray focusing optics, vacuum to atmospheric pressure out-coupling, available sample delivery methods and 2D detector, and the supporting optical laser systems for pump-probe experiments.
AB - The Single-Particle, Clusters and Biomolecules and Serial Femtosecond Crystallography (SPB/SFX) scientific instrument at the European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser (EuXFEL) became operational with user experiments in September 2017. The unique properties and capabilities of the EuXFEL, enabling megahertz data collection rates, provide more rapid data collection with improved statistics compared with other XFEL facilities. This improves the feasibility of obtaining multiple data points in time-resolved experiments and hence enables the observation of reactions in greater detail (molecular movies). In collaboration with the SFX User Consortium (SFX UC), the SPB/SFX instrument was designed to further increase user access and research outcomes. Focusing the pulses downstream of the first interaction region [described previously (Mancuso et al., 2019)], a second experiment plane is enabled, which allows for greater optimization and more efficient usage of available beam time. Additionally, the SFX UC provided further instrumentation to provide improved capabilities on SPB/SFX. The aim for additional and extended functionality for the second interaction region was to enable sample-efficient data collection at atmospheric pressure in an environment where the sample temperature and humidity can be controlled. This paper describes the extended capabilities of the downstream interaction region of the SPB/SFX instrument and its major components, in particular its X-ray focusing optics, vacuum to atmospheric pressure out-coupling, available sample delivery methods and 2D detector, and the supporting optical laser systems for pump-probe experiments.
KW - crystallography
KW - femtosecond experiments
KW - X-ray free-electron lasers
KW - XFELs
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105026874610
U2 - 10.1107/S1600577525008999
DO - 10.1107/S1600577525008999
M3 - Article
C2 - 41307984
AN - SCOPUS:105026874610
SN - 0909-0495
VL - 33
SP - 198
EP - 206
JO - Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
JF - Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
IS - Pt 1
ER -