Understanding affect in design: An outline conceptual framework

This paper provides an outline conceptual framework that may be helpful for those involved in the emerging area of ‘affective design’. Historically, the shift from cognitive approaches that eschewed emotions towards a more encompassing conceptual approach that includes affective or emotive processes is understandable. A basic understanding of concepts such as affect and emotion are required in order to address many questions such as how to design to evoke affect and how to predict user emotions? We utilize concepts from Activity Theory in order to understand the world of ‘feelings’. The latter involves several different levels and classes, principally those of affect, emotion and sentiment. Feelings involve important psychological processes, although they have received minimal attention within the mainstream cognitive frame until very recently. The intent of this paper is to provide a coherent conceptual frame for the discussions within the interaction design and HCI communities concerning such terms as emotional interfaces, hedonic design and affective design.